The skin of the penis is thin and movable. "The skin of the penis is folded into a double layer at the head of the penis, known as the foreskin. Before the age of 7, the foreskin is longer and can completely cover the head of the penis and the outer orifice of the urethra.". As puberty develops, the volume of the penis increases and lengthens, and the foreskin recedes back until the head of the penis is exposed in adulthood. However, approximately 38% of adult foreskins still completely cover the penis. "If the foreskin is turned upside down or when the penis is fully erect, the penis head and urethral orifice can be exposed, it is referred to as excessive foreskin.". "If you cannot turn up with your hands, or if the glans and urethra cannot be exposed during an erection, it is called phimosis.". This is the familiar problem of foreskin.
Senior male experts from Wuxi Jianguo Men's Hospital pointed out that although nearly 40% of people in China have circumcision problems, due to insufficient publicity and education on the benefits and importance of circumcision and a lack of basic knowledge of reproductive health, the proportion of circumcision in China is unusually low, with a rate of only 2.6%. Therefore, it is very important to vigorously promote the need for all circumcision, so that the majority of men can know the dangers of circumcision.
Due to the special anatomical and molecular cellular biological characteristics of the foreskin, for people with foreskin problems, a strange smelly white secretion secreted by the sebaceous glands within the foreskin is not easily excreted. If not cleaned in a timely manner, long-term accumulation can become foreskin scale. The warm and humid environment under the foreskin is very conducive to the survival and reproduction of various microorganisms (including bacteria and viruses), which creates conditions for the occurrence of many diseases. Overall, foreskin problems can have the following six main hazards:
Increase the risk of HIV infection. A large number of epidemiological data in the past decade show that excessive foreskin and phimosis will increase the HIV infection rate. During 2005-2007, France and three groups engaged in the study of the relationship between male circumcision and the toxic transmission of AIDS in the etiology conducted a large-scale randomized controlled clinical trial among more than 10000 young and middle-aged men. The results showed that male circumcision could reduce the proportion of HIV transmission from women to men by about 60%. This evidence is conclusive, demonstrating that male circumcision is an effective way to prevent HIV infection. Similarly, the dangers of not performing circumcision are known.
Increase the probability of HPV and HSV-2 infection. Carcinogenic human papillomavirus (such as HPV16, 18, etc.) is the pathogen of cervical, anal, and penis cancers. Most male infections do not exhibit clinical symptoms, but when transmitted to women, they cause the most common form of cervical cancer in women. In 2002, a report completed by scholars from various countries in 1913 couples in Europe, America, and Asia showed that the HPV infection rate in men who did not undergo circumcision was 19.6%, while the infection rate in men who underwent circumcision was 5.5%, reducing the infection rate by 72%, and reducing the incidence of cervical cancer in their spouses.