Post Date December, 02 2023
The diagnosis of acute renal failure can be divided into two parts. Firstly, the cause of acute renal failure must be identified, and then the complications of acute renal failure must be determined. If patients with acute renal failure can receive early diagnosis of the cause, promptly remove the cause, and take effective treatment measures, most patients can basically or completely recover their function; Actively treating the complications of acute renal failure can shorten the recovery time of patients' renal function and reduce the mortality rate of acute renal failure.
Diagnosis of the primary disease of acute renal failure
There are many causes of acute renal failure, which can be divided into pre renal acute renal failure, renal parenchymal acute renal failure, and post renal acute renal failure for easy diagnosis. The above classification only represents the causes of disease diagnosis. Some patients with acute renal failure can be caused by multiple reasons, while others cannot be accurately classified into a certain category. During the development of the disease, pre renal acute renal failure can also turn into renal parenchymal acute renal failure, while post renal acute renal failure can also turn into chronic renal failure if left untreated for a long time.
In the diagnosis process, it is generally necessary to first distinguish whether it is acute exacerbation of chronic renal insufficiency, then sequentially distinguish whether it is postrenal acute renal failure or pre renal acute renal failure, and finally differentiate and diagnose renal parenchymal diseases one by one.
Diagnosis of acute exacerbation of chronic renal insufficiency
Previously, there was chronic kidney disease, which manifested as acute renal failure due to rapid deterioration of renal function. The reason may be that the original chronic kidney progresses rapidly (such as continuous progressive immune injury) or there are suddenly increased risk factors of kidney damage (such as infection, urinary tract obstruction, use of nephrotoxic drugs, high protein diet, hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia, and sharp increase in blood pressure).
In differential diagnosis, attention should be paid to whether there is hypertension, abnormal urine collection, edema, nocturia, repeated urinary tract infection, and family history of kidney disease in the past. If the auxiliary examination reveals kidney shrinkage and anemia, it also indicates chronic renal insufficiency. If it is difficult to distinguish, renal biopsy can be performed to determine whether there is chronic kidney disease.
