Post Date December, 03 2023
After marriage, if a couple cohabits for more than two years without taking any contraceptive measures, and the woman never becomes pregnant, it is called infertility. According to relevant reports, 10% to 15% of married couples experience infertility. Infertility is caused by the male partner, which is called male infertility. Infertility is caused by the male partner, which is called male infertility. The physiological activities of male reproduction mainly include a series of processes such as spermatogenesis, maturation, semen formation, ejaculation, and sperm egg fertilization. Any factor interferes with any aspect of the above process. Both can affect fertility and cause male infertility. Male infertility accounts for 20.6% of infertility.
There are many reasons for male infertility, such as congenital dysplasia, cytogenetics chromosome abnormality, hypothalamus pituitary gonad dysfunction, endocrine dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, genital tract infection, and even psychological factors. Therefore, male infertility should mainly undergo the following five examinations:
1、 Routine semen examination
This is the most basic and important clinical indicator for measuring male fertility. The parameters related to semen are the first thing that doctors need to understand. Patients should pay attention to: different sexual intercourse for 3-5 days during the examination; It is best to use * * * * method to collect specimens; Ensure that all semen is obtained; Recheck 1-2 times within 2 weeks.
2、 Related microbiological examination
Sexual urinary and reproductive system infections often lead to male infertility. Pathogenic microorganisms related to male urinary and reproductive system infections include bacteria, viruses, spirochetes, mycoplasma, chlamydia, etc., and common pathogens include gonococcus, papillomavirus, adenoplasma, Chlamydia trachomatis, etc.
3、 Genetic examination
Normal male related chromosomes and genes are the basis for maintaining normal reproductive function. Abnormal chromosomes and genes will lead to abnormal Sexual differentiation and (or) spermatogenesis, which will seriously affect reproductive function.
4、 Biochemical examination of seminal plasma
Analyzing the chemical composition of seminal plasma helps to understand the functions of the epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicles. When the patient has a small amount of semen, azoospermia, oligozoospermia, unexplained decline in sperm activity, congenital defects of accessory gonads, and accessory gonadal diseases, biochemical examination of seminal plasma can be performed. The common cases are fructose, carnitine, acid phosphatase, etc.
5、 Endocrine examination
Reproductive endocrine dysfunction affects male sexual and reproductive function, and is an important cause of male infertility. Endocrine testing mainly involves the determination of sex hormones T, FSH, LH, PRL, E2, and various stimulation tests, such as HCG stimulation tests.
