Post Date November, 16 2024
The uterus is an important organ in women and can also experience abnormalities. Uterine malformation is an abnormal disease, and we must promptly check and make a reasonable diagnosis.
Types of uterine malformations
1. Primordial uterus: also known as trace uterus. This is because the development of bilateral accessory mesonephric duct stopped soon after merging. This type of uterus is very small, only 1-3 centimeters long, and because there is no endometrium, there is no menstruation, often accompanied by no vagina.
2. Mediastinal uterus: Both accessory mesonephric duct have all converged, but the mediastinum has not degenerated. The appearance of the uterus is normal, with two parts of the uterine septum. Incomplete degeneration of the mediastinum leads to the formation of an incomplete mediastinal uterus. When the mediastinum extends to the vagina, it can also form a vaginal mediastinum.
3. Congenital absence of uterus: the middle segment of the accessory mesonephric duct on both sides is not developed, and the uterus cannot be synthesized. Patients often do not have a vagina, but their ovaries develop normally and their secondary sexual characteristics are not affected.
4. Double horn uterus: because the tail of the accessory mesonephric duct has been largely fused, and the mediastinum has degenerated, forming a single cervix and a single vagina, the bottom of the uterus does not meet completely, and the shape of the uterus is double horn, so it is called double horn uterus or saddle uterus.
5. Double uterus: Double uterus, double cervix, double vagina. It is because the bilateral accessory mesonephric duct is not suitable.
6. Uniangular uterus: one side of the accessory mesonephric duct on both sides is fully developed, and the other side is not fully developed or passed. It can be a residual horn uterus, which only has a uterine cavity and no uterine opening.
7. Uterine dysplasia: also known as immature uterus. It is because the development of the bilateral accessory mesonephric duct stops within a short time after it meets. The cervix is relatively long, with a smaller outer opening, and the uterus is normally smaller. There are often infertility, oligomenorrhea, or irregular menstruation.
Symptoms of uterine malformations
1. Infertility: One of the main causes of infertility is the absence of uterus, primordial uterus, immature uterus, etc.
2. Menstrual abnormalities: Congenital absence of uterus or absence of menstruation in patients with primordial uterus. Patients with immature uterus who have no menstruation, less menstruation, physiological pain, physiological delay, irregular physiological days, and other symptoms of double uterus or bicornuate uterus may have excessive menstrual flow and prolonged physiological days.
3. Pathological pregnancy: uterine dysplasia refers to abortion, premature delivery or abnormal fetal position after pregnancy. Occasionally, spontaneous uterine rupture during pregnancy may occur. If the fallopian tube of the rudimentary horn uterus is unobstructed, the pregnant eggs can be implanted into the rudimentary horn uterus, but the myometrium is underdeveloped and ruptured during pregnancy, with the same symptoms as ectopic pregnancy.
