Post Date December, 02 2023
Nursing care for nephrotic syndrome has always been a topic that patients and friends want to understand. In recent years, with the increasing number of patients, more and more people have begun to pay attention to surgical treatment for nephrotic syndrome. Experts point out that to bid farewell to this disease, it is necessary to try to understand their own condition as much as possible, so that patients and friends can have a healthy and strong physique.
Nephrotic syndrome is not an independent disease, but a clinical syndrome where the permeability of the glomerular capillary filtration membrane is damaged during various disease processes, resulting in an increase in the permeability of the glomerular basement membrane and the loss of a large amount of protein in the plasma from the urine. Its clinical characteristics are massive proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, edema, often accompanied by pleural or ascites. Anyone who can cause glomerulopathy can almost all lead to nephrotic syndrome. According to the Kidney Disease Group of the Pediatric Branch of the Medical Association, nephrotic syndrome is divided into three major categories, namely congenital kidney disease, primary kidney disease, and secondary kidney disease. Congenital kidney disease refers to the nephrotic syndrome caused by genetic factors, whose clinical characteristics are significantly different from those that occur 3 months later. Children generally develop a large amount of proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, and systemic edema in the early stages after birth. The child has a low birth weight and is accompanied by a large placenta (over 25% of birth weight). Three months after birth, proteinuria and renal dysfunction occur, but progress slowly. Most children die before the age of three due to infection. Diffuse mesangial sclerosis is associated with mutations in the WTI gene, and the pathogenic genes have not yet been elucidated.
Congenital nephrotic syndrome is divided into two categories: congenital nephrotic syndrome, which is more common in Finns, and diffuse mesangial sclerosis. The former is an autosomal recessive inherited disease caused by a genetic mutation on the long arm of chromosome 19, and this type of disease is rarely detected in Japanese congenital NS.
