What is the cause of endometrial cancer? Can Obesity in Women Induce Endometrial Cancer

The emergence of endometrial cancer is particularly painful for many women, and it is also a serious disease that requires us to understand its pathogenic factors and take preventive measures in daily life based on our own situation.

1、 Causes of endometrial cancer

1. Anovulatory functional uterine bleeding: Patients with functional uterine bleeding accompanied by anovulatory or luteal dysfunction have long-term menstrual disorders, the endometrium continues to be stimulated by estrogen, progesterone resistance and insufficient progesterone, and insufficient periodic changes in the endometrium

2. Obesity: Excessive obesity can cause endometrial cancer. For female friends, having too much fat can increase the storage of estrogen, and testosterone in the plasma can become estrone. This increase in free active estrone may be a carcinogenic or pro oncogenic factor in endometrial cancer.

3. Infertility: Especially caused by ovarian anovulation, the risk of developing endometrial cancer is significantly increased. Approximately 15% to 20% of patients with endometrial cancer have a history of infertility. These patients do not ovulate or ovulate less, have insufficient or insufficient progesterone, and the endometrium is continuously stimulated by estrogen. During pregnancy, the placenta produces estrogen and pregnancy hormones, which alter the pregnancy period of the endometrium. During lactation, due to the effects of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, ovarian function is temporarily suppressed, and the endometrium is not stimulated by estrogen. Infertile individuals, especially those who do not ovulate, have a long-term proliferative state of the endometrium.

4. Late amenorrhea: The risk of endometrial cancer in women with amenorrhea over the age of 52 is 1.5-2.5 times higher than in those with amenorrhea before the age of 45. After several years, amenorrhea does not ovulate, but only prolongs the duration of estrogen action. Late menarche has a protective effect on endometrial cancer, especially for premenopausal women. Late menarche can reduce the risk of endometrial cancer by 50%, and late menarche can reduce the sustained stimulation of estrogen on the endometrium.

5. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Approximately 19% to 25% of patients with endometrial cancer under the age of 40 suffer from polycystic ovary syndrome. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome have long ovarian filtration time but immature ovulation, sustained estrogen stimulation, progesterone regulation, and periodic endometrial shedding

6. Ovarian tumors: Ovarian tumors that produce estrogen, such as granulosa cell tumors and thecal cell tumors, account for approximately 25% of pure thecal cell tumors and endometrial cancer.