Post Date November, 16 2024
AIDS patients and HIV carriers. HIV exists in the body fluids and organ tissues of infected people. The infected people's blood, semen, vaginal secretions, milk, and wound exudates contain a large amount of HIV, which is highly infectious. Tears, saliva, sweat, urine, feces, etc. Without mixing blood and inflammatory exudates, this virus is rare and not contagious.
Ways of transmission of AIDS:
1. Sexual contact transmission
The AIDS virus transmitted by sexual contact transmission exists in the semen and vaginal secretions of infected persons, and is transmitted between men and women through sexual intercourse (including normal sexual intercourse, anal intercourse and oral intercourse). Globally, 9 out of every 10 adults infected with AIDS are infected through sexual intercourse. The more sexual partners there are, the greater the risk of AIDS infection. People suffering from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), AIDS infected people are prone to AIDS during sexual intercourse.
Sexual contact transmission is the main route of HIV infection. Whether it is gay or heterosexuality, the spread of HIV will occur. Globally, HIV is mostly transmitted through heterosexual contact transmission. The rate of HIV transmission among adults is shown in the table:
Transmission rate through transmission channels
71% of heterosexual transmission
Homosexual transmission 15%
Intravenous drug users 7%
Bloodborne transmission 5%
Other reasons unknown 2%
In North America and Europe, sexual contact between male homosexuals through the anus is the main mode of transmission of this disease. Homosexual and bisexual men are the main group of people infected with HIV. In the early 1980s, AIDS patients found in the United States were mainly gay men. Anal sexual intercourse between male homosexuals is easy to cause damage to the anal and rectal mucosa. Through the way of HIV entering the blood, semen containing a large amount of HIV and male secretion before ejaculation enter the blood circulation through the damaged mucosa. In addition, male homosexuals often exchange sexual partners, with some having tens or hundreds of sexual partners, which increases the chance of HIV infection. In Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia, most of AIDS are infected through heterosexual contact and vaginal intercourse. The prevalence rate of AIDS is 1:1 for male and female sex ratio. The transmission of HIV between the opposite sex can be divided into two methods: male, female, and male. Compared to these two pathways, the risk of male to female transmission is higher than that of female to male transmission. Both semen and cervical secretions can carry HIV. Anatomically, secretions can remain in women's bodies, rather than in men's bodies. Therefore, the transmission caused by the exchange of semen and cervical secretions is more effective in men to women. In some African countries, it is customary for wives to be inherited by their brothers after the death of their husbands, in order to prevent the loss of family property. However, this inheritance in today's AIDS epidemic in Africa, while inheriting brothers and wives, also inherited the AIDS virus fatal dowry. HIV positive wives can transmit the virus to their husbands' brothers, so male to female to male transmission is an important route in Africa. Prostitution plays an important role in the spread of AIDS. Prostitutes with HIV transmit the virus to prostitutes, who in turn transmit it to other prostitutes. When combined with sexually transmitted diseases, the opportunity to spread AIDS is greatly increased. Genital erosion and ulcers open the channels for the virus to enter the blood circulation, and genital ulcers are prone to AIDS infection. In Southeast Asia, prostitution is rampant, and HIV infection is rapidly spreading. For example, in Thailand, the HIV infection rate has increased at an alarming rate since 1990.
