Post Date December, 02 2023
What are the common causes of infertility?
(1) Asthenospermia is defined as having a sperm motility of<25% or a+b<50% and a+b+c<60%.
(2) Oligospermia is defined as oligospermia when the sperm count N<20000/ml. Wang Rui, Urology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
(3) Non liquefied semen is still in a jelly state after being discharged from the body for 60 minutes, which is called non liquefied semen
(4) Azospermia is defined as azoospermia, in which semen routine examinations are repeated three times and no sperm is seen.
(5) Anti sperm antibodies (AbAs) can be detected in semen from immune infertility.
What are the causes of oligozoospermia and asthenospermia?
Oligospermia and asthenospermia are currently the most common causes of infertility in clinical practice, and they often accompany each other with the same inducing factors. Therefore, they are often classified as oligospermia and asthenospermia. The common clinical causes are:
(1) Inflammation of genital tubes such as the infected epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland can affect the motility of sexual sperm and the reproductive function of the testis. This includes direct damage to sperm and testis caused by microorganisms that cause infection, changes in the pH value of seminal plasma during infection, and the large number of white blood cells (WBCs) themselves and the inflammatory mediators released during inflammation, which can reduce sperm motility and inhibit testicular spermatogenesis.
(2) Endocrine abnormalities The FSH and LH secreted by the pituitary gland of the brain are the promoters and maintainers of testicular sperm production. When FSH or LH is too low, it can cause testicular spermatogenesis dysfunction.
(3) Varicocele can lead to local hyperthermia, microcirculatory disorders, decreased nutrition, decreased oxygen partial pressure, and a lack of nutrient supply, which can affect sexual sperm motility (rate) and testicular spermatogenic function.
(4) Immune factors: Anti sperm antibodies can attach to the tail of sperm, resulting in a decrease in sperm motility or viability.
(5) Recent research on chromosome abnormalities has found that the gene fragments that determine sperm production on the Y chromosome are divided into three main segments: AZFa, AZFb, and AZFc. When a certain segment is missing, oligozoospermia and asthenospermia can result.
(6) Nutritional factors: Deficiency of amino acids, vitamins A, E, and folic acid, which are essential nutrients for spermatogenesis, can lead to oligozoospermia and asthenospermia.
(7) Environmental factors: Clinically, it is often seen that a large number of spills, long-term exposure to high temperature, radiation, and exposure to chemical poisons are prone to reproductive dysfunction.
What is non liquefaction of semen? Why does it affect conception? What is the reason for its non liquefaction?
Under normal circumstances, the semen that has just been ejaculated from the body is in the form of a jelly, which is meant to prevent the semen from falling below the sperm base that is involved in conception. However, in general, within 30 minutes, jelly shaped semen should become liquefied. If the semen remains jelly shaped for more than 60 minutes, it is called non liquefied. At this time, a large number of sperm are in a bound state, their viability and vitality are low, affecting their conception; What causes non liquefaction? Through research, it has been found that the liquefaction enzyme in semen is called PSA (prostate specific antigen), which is secreted by the prostate. Currently, inflammation of the prostate or a decrease in the level of androgens can cause a decrease in the level of PSA produced by the prostate, and a decrease in liquefied substances in semen can lead to semen non fluidization.
