What are the clinical symptoms of AIDS? What kinds of AIDS can be classified according to the onset period

There is a complete natural process from the infection of AIDS virus to the onset of disease. This process is clinically divided into four stages: acute infection stage, incubation stage, pre AIDS stage, and typical AIDS stage. Not every infected person will have complete four-stage performance, but patients at each disease stage can be seen clinically. The different clinical manifestations in the four periods are a gradual and continuous course of disease development.

1. Acute infection period

The window period is also during this period. Response to body stimulation after HIV invasion. The patient has fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, weakness, sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pharyngitis, etc. Some will also have acute aseptic meningitis, manifested as headache, neurological symptoms and meningeal irritation. The peripheral blood test showed that the total number of white blood cells was normal, or lymphocytes decreased, and monocytes increased. During acute infection, the symptoms are mild and easy to be ignored. About 5 weeks after the onset of such general malaise as fever, the serum HIV antibody was positive. After that, there were different length, relatively healthy and asymptomatic incubation periods in clinical practice.

2. Incubation period

The infected person may have no clinical symptoms, but the incubation period is not a static period, let alone a safe period. The virus continues to reproduce and has a strong destructive effect. The incubation period refers to the time from HIV infection to the occurrence of clinical symptoms and signs of AIDS. The average incubation period of AIDS is considered to be 2-10 years. This is very difficult for early detection and prevention of patients.

3. Pre AIDS

After the incubation period, the symptoms and signs related to AIDS began to appear, until it developed into a period of typical AIDS. During this period, there were many names, including "AIDS related syndrome", "lymphadenopathy related syndrome", "persistent generalized lymphadenopathy", "pre AIDS syndrome", etc. At this time, the patient has the most basic feature of AIDS, that is, cellular immune deficiency, but the symptoms are mild. The main clinical manifestations are

(1) Lymph node enlargement

One of the most important clinical manifestations in the early stage. It is mainly superficial lymph node enlargement. The most common sites are head and neck, armpit, groin, back of neck, front of ear, back of ear, lymph nodes, submaxillary lymph nodes, etc. Generally speaking, there are at least two or more parts, one of which can be as many as ten. Enlarged lymph nodes do not respond to general treatment and often continue to swell for more than half a year. About 30% of the patients have only superficial lymph node enlargement clinically, without other systemic symptoms.