Post Date November, 17 2024
Candida albicans infection is mainly manifested as pruritus of vulva, burning pain, bedridden in severe cases, accompanied by frequent urination, pain in urination, Dyspareunia, leukorrhea increases in acute stage, and leukorrhea is characterized by white, thick, coagulated milk or bean dregs. Check the vulva scratch. There is a white film on the inside of Labia minora and vaginal mucosa. After wiping, a red and swollen mucosal surface appears. Erosion and superficial ulcer may also appear in the acute phase.
Diagnosis of Candidiasis:
1. Direct microscopic examination: women take vaginal and cervical secretions or milky white film of vaginal wall with a long cotton swab, and men take glans penis, Corona of glans penis or scales on the surface of foreskin injuries as specimens to be examined. Make 10% of the specimens to be examined with potassium hydroxide or normal saline, and you can see clusters of oval spores and pseudohyphae under the microscope. If many pseudohyphae are found, it indicates that candida is in the disease stage, which is more meaningful for diagnosis.
2. Dyeing examination: Gram staining, Congo red staining or Periodic acid–Schiff stain can also be used for microscopic examination, and the positive rate is higher than that of direct microscopic examination. Gram staining, spore and pseudohyphae staining: Congo red and PAS staining, spore and pseudohyphae staining.
3. Isolation and cultivation: Patients with negative coating tests can undergo Candida cultivation. Inoculate the test specimens under sterile conditions into Sabouraud culture (usually using in vitro culture). When inoculating, cut the test tube culture medium diagonally at a point, inoculate 2-3 times per tube, and inoculate 2 tubes per specimen. Incubate the culture medium in a 37 ℃ incubator for 24-48 hours and observe the growth of a large number of milky white colonies. Use an inoculation needle to select a small amount of colony smear and directly perform microscopic examination or staining microscopy. A large number of bacterial spores can be seen, indicating a preliminary diagnosis of Candida infection.
4. Antibodies to Candida albicans can be detected by double immunodiffusion method or latex coagulation method.
