Eight Causes of Endometrial Cancer: Eight Kinds of People Must Pay Attention to Prevention

The emergence of endometrial cancer causes special pain to many patients, and its harm is also particularly serious. It is necessary to clarify its causes, especially for high-risk groups who must pay attention to prevention in their daily lives.

Causes of endometrial cancer

1. Anovulatory functional uterine bleeding: Patients with functional uterine bleeding accompanied by anovulatory or luteal dysfunction have long-term menstrual disorders, the endometrium continues to be stimulated by estrogen, progesterone resistance and insufficient progesterone, and insufficient periodic changes in the endometrium

2. Obesity: Overweight will cause endometrial cancer. For female friends, too much fat will increase the storage of estrogen, and Androstenedione in plasma will become estrone. This increase in free and active estrone may be a carcinogen or pro-cancer factor for endometrial cancer.

3. Infertility: Especially caused by ovarian anovulation, the risk of developing endometrial cancer is significantly increased. Among patients with endometrial cancer, about 15% to 20% have a history of infertility. These patients lack or lack progesterone due to anovulation or oligoovulation, causing the endometrium to be continuously stimulated by estrogen. During pregnancy, the placenta produces estrogen and Progestogen, which causes corresponding changes in the endometrium during pregnancy. During lactation, due to the effects of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, ovarian function is temporarily suppressed, and the endometrium is not stimulated by estrogen. Infertile individuals, especially those who do not ovulate, have a long-term proliferative state of the endometrium.

4. Late amenorrhea: The risk of endometrial cancer in women with amenorrhea over the age of 52 is 1.5-2.5 times higher than in those with amenorrhea before the age of 45. After several years, amenorrhea does not ovulate, but only prolongs the duration of estrogen action. Late menarche and delayed menarche have a protective effect on endometrial cancer, especially for premenopausal women. Late menarche can reduce the risk of endometrial cancer by 50%, and delayed menarche can reduce the sustained stimulation of estrogen on the endometrium.

5. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Approximately 19% to 25% of patients with endometrial cancer under the age of 40 suffer from polycystic ovary syndrome. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome have ovarian follicles that last for a long time but cannot mature to ovulate, causing the endometrium to be under continuous estrogen stimulation, lacking progesterone regulation and periodic endometrial shedding, leading to endometrial hyperplasia and changes.

6. Ovarian tumor: estrogen producing ovarian tumor, such as granulosa cell tumor and Thecoma, about 25% of pure theca cell tumor complicated with endometrial cancer.